Maghreb Review of Vol 03 - N 02 Economics and Management September تا 0 ةوا>- - CDوا&اع- اFGHا E
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1 Economics and Management September 06 وال اأر رل- - +ا X رة 0 -/.ا-',- - ا 8 م 067 د وا م ا;ر:و ما 9 تا 0 ةوا>- - CDوا&اع- اFGHا E Sara.chouabbi@gmail.com أ.د.+*() '&ا%ن 0 -/.ا-',- - ا 8 م 067 د وا م ا;ر:و ما 9 تا 0 ةوا>- - CDوا&اع- اFGHا E Abderrahmane.chenini@gmail.com ا>[\] إناتاأتتا 0 /'&ه.اءات,ا+وز('ة!#و! ا '&ه #و! F,وEزاا CDا 9,/0;7Bحا أو@!ا?<=ما':وا!;!: 89 7 لإ ا ازن ن ا وا 9I ا! ن@!ا,و,ا ا GH!/0;7CDأر Iر!ل- -#أ Oرتا MNراتاا, Lو إ P QR ن وH & S و د!#و! 9Rه ا ات ا 7CD 0 /ا GH &ا I إ ا#م راI '&ه U ا ات ا# T!#و! ا! ن WX &ها ات Abstract ا^ تا>/%:ا ا Z!#و! ا ا#و! ا'ة ا#و! ا] B ال. Some of the organizations that conducted the processes of change have failed in these procedures due to the emergence of resistance to this process of change, the resistance was and still a dividing line in success or failure of the change, Which necessitated not be neglected and dealt with it seriously to reach a state of balance between change and workers' response to it on the ground because of the change happening Arcelor Mittal-ANNABA-- compound preliminary field visits have indicated that there is a resistance to changes that have occurred in the compound, for this we have sought to do a study on it, and also showing the relationship of workers resistance to these changes. Key words: organizational change, resistance of change, Declared resistance, Tacit resistance, workers. 8
2 < إنا KR<Tاتا Î8 وا; 0Žا Z ا"*( J ا; S fت! žè7 انا' G ض a ا; D =ت 9 اءا!أو اWl i S9œ.ه ا KR<Tات و!ا`! % ت ا Vا kl / و!ا ا b ت ا;= o % *( `8+ رZ ن ا D 8 > SD ح Aç)*iود! 7Î9w<b دارةا KR<Tا ä< D دة Fر ž a ا ŽG!Ò<Pلا ã8 (اcl د وا ء وذ s >اkl ل ² ن A žèékrt B!G/b &! ZG.ها KR<Tات وx ا%+ ; D =ت f G!KRTأ Aا 0)*KR<Tذا G= <Ïا ã< (أنا ;و! 9é ب! GP=/<0Dالأن!و!ا; Rhçن% KR<T Hورة A fkr<tا G!b >=%>ا KR<Tوx (م b >]ا; Zé= Dا و! DZG KLزأh<`<=Z >ا! 7!Aا;و!وإدراكأZ " K$9œا> S >تا = GPا M ذZ kxأوا%> žà!a و! DZG KLز!' B %ارا 9 ا çklª Zة!!G Zاا 7Fاkl ( %= D =توž Œx ا; KRTةا = ž %)a أن ª =ا S!)*KR<T fت G! Í أ Aر h`7 ء ž و %> ž وéنا; KLª= D أ f S أ! Gا Œ ا B %>ا أi ž ا را;. AZ.ااbi & =ا= f Sي& h أ!م AJ s% ا hاتواwl ات ا%=>ا;اi % وx. s ا& cü ا; D =تا KR<Tا Ò%M!)* ä< Dا& ž ;اا KR<Tاتاkl i %`=و+% ž ا Pb "وا%> G!A!و!ا!% Rن.ها KR<Tات% iلا b >]أ Zا ا;ة و! ŽGل!"ذ`ه Íî8p D أن&م حإB >ارا =`9 a (: # اأي!ىاا KR<Tا ä< D *(!`+أر 9 %ر!>ل- D -!و!! AFGا!% Rن*(ا; 8 ىا hd >.ي أ* ا"را: "ا ق ; ع 0 >ي \8 ا; D =ت ž &B! ª)* ور 7 ž =<F وا 8 > ة a )' ž ا; G= h%m Žل ا KR<T q=8\ ä< Dا 9 =اراkl >ة%= D =و b ]أ Zا ا;= o %*(ا ءوا D =وا 7!Ò<Pا; KRTاتا N< >. * KLز أ H أZ => ا; ع *( D ول ا; h Z >" ا%=> دارة ا KR<Tوا A8 ا%=> *( Ò<hM 0 ة ا;و! و A ا!% Rن 8=bن.اا ékr<t & Íî8pf ا SD حدونا& Mاطا!% Rنو!'ر` ž ". أ*افا"را: bدا Tض! ZG.هارا 9 *(اف a! S fتا KR<Tا F م ž ا;`+*( Açا; w<bا O< ا; KRTوازدد 0 ةا; D 8 7 ا r " وDZAZ ك FŽ Rنا;و!وا KR<Tات و`. sاف a!ى!و!ا!% Rن.ها KR<TاتواDF " -. ا r =*(!`+أر 9 %ر!>ل- D T تا"را *ا h > Eو: fم!`+أر 9 %ر!>ل KR<Tا ä< D ;اا KR<Tاتا N< >. *ا h >ا o &>: اا KR<Tا ä< D *(ا;`+!و!! AFGا!% Rنوما ل. - *ا h >ا o o : FŽ Rن!و!ا!% Rنو! S fتا KR<Tا r "*(!`+أر 9 %ر!>ل- D ا dzxyا" +ي"را ا; ˆول: * ا" _ا" +$ xo/ ما" _ا" +$ ªضإ! hما KR<Tا ä< D د` G!KR ا P بوا Ro0 نوذ s h!bمو! Íîوا Rkن و AFا ق; hم =%> ا bل ا q=8ª a ي D ا KR<Tا ä< D و+ %>D اف a! hم ا KR<Tو! D ه KL\/<0 ا çkr<t Zة 9
3 8 ا bل! G & أو 0 *( $ Kةز! D<!<Dإ& أو 0 Ï&" f &لإ 0 أى, KRا ž %Z Eن و Îفا KR<T 9 أىأ AH *(ا; A8 " و! ZG.ها h ت Ê8ªا o0 أ&\ KR<TªKLا AJ bل! 0G لإ 0 لأأ! >=%] S!)*KR<T لا; î\ = D ا bك! Gا 7 اkl (إو a8!7 (أ`_ h`k ءةو > b >]أ Zاف!> D. #!"اف a! hما 9KR<Tف& قإ Ò ªا KR<Tا =` ä< D a (: اK$9 ا> S >! رة %%>" ž 8ªف KR<Tªا r وœ S Z ت وا>"و`. s ا> AJ Ï&" (Warren G.Bennis,99)*\ ا D >=> Dp 0œ7!+9 >تا clةو 8ª > 7 ا\ 7!uا b ت Dp 0œ7!+9 >تا clةو 8ª > 7 ا\ u 0! 7 ا b تا h ا KR<Tاتا r %*(ا œ Œ =>وا o >وVFœ د " - bد Z.اا S!m#Ò fتا KR<Tا ŽG! ä< Dلإ عاK$9 ا> ª<S %>=>% 7!Ò<Pا KR<TاتاWl ر>. <%8! x,! وذ s أ A G! ز دة 0 و Îف أ H &Ï "ا=%> ا م G! Ž ا; D =ت f &ل G! ž 0 إ ž < وx 9 =ار /<b b ]أ AH!اr =وأ 9 ع ا; D =% KR<Tاتا b > و 00)Ò<H Ïنا KR<Tا ä< D اS9 (Daft,. اS9 و! ŽGل! 0 [9! Gار Ò % KR<Tا GP= ä< Dال Ï &"إ 0 اث Žªتأو fbت*(أ Zافو <9 9 تا; D = عا D >"أو أو*(أي DG!VD iا= Aا J ä< D > ABا ä< D أوا D >...ا Blوذ G!sأ Aا ž 9 اف! rž =أو ا b9 اثأو ع D >=>ة. و âاف a! hما KR<Tا ä< D &=إ Ò ªإدارةا ª/<0 KR<Tف "žèï 9œ ادا; ŽG![8 ل KRا;رات ا Dh >وا Q<`%8 دار وQدرا`> M9fاما;اردا; F '#)0 &&>!د ز! D >) hp ءةو >% bل! Gاا 7F اkl (إاا 7Fا; a8 (ا; 'د Žل $ Kة! bدة %9AFÏ >ت!= adp E ادوا; D =تو VFÏxوF وأ AFو h%b a[ =` \ AJ žèï (Dean Anderson, Ackerman Anderson,00) G! =S!" ا; دئ G! وا D >ت وا hv ت ا clا&+ Q)8&>!.<hD درات ا KR<Tا 8Œr > *( Eو ع ا D >=>" و ªفأ H žèï " Eدوات وا D >ت وا=%>ت وا;اردوE )' ا; ة hd >.ا KR<T " L/ تا" _ا" +$ ا qiا KR<Tا ä< D ورة! kx *(ا; D =ت Í 0 9œG!GP= =ارو!اا; D 8 اkl دة*( Aç Œ ر>أودا%>!% وذ ŽG!sلإاءا KR<Tاتا;=*(! S ž f و! GأS!"Z fتا KR<T &.`: أوL : ااردا"`?] 6 S ه b >]أ Zافا; D = >ة KR<TªG=Hا;راتواراتا; >وا 8 %`>و! b و FG B >"وا S Z تإ S DT9f ء H#G " Bنا KR<T *(ا;اردا<' إ!`=>أو&>و = Aoا KR<T ا äp Õ اد ] %9`"G أ&=ط Fرا ž "أو Aª و D => E اد!رات R8bن وإŽ0 ل, b!"zkr %" أ! ا KR<Tا KR'Œ )ÓDإ 7 ار +و& ما klا و 7 أ KR<Tª<=Z!راتو FراتوJ%9 تا;اردا<' 8!hV =ةإ Jنا Œ ا \= ž A 8 :Glenn Morgan and Andrew Sturday, Beyond organizational change : structure, discourse and power in UK financial services, Macmillan press LTD, great Britain, 000, p : 9 : J A! ا; OâT ا 8 %كا h!) ä< D Z >"أ 9Ì9 %ك E ادواcl =*(ا ZE ("< D %> E '% ردن 99 ص:. 0 :Warren G, Bennis, Theory and method in applying behavioral science to planned organizational change, journal of applied behavioral science(oct-dec), 99,p :6. :Jones, G, Organizational théory, th édition, addison-wesley, 999, p: :Daft,R,L, Organization theory and design, OHIO:South Western colleye pub, 00, p: :!b= Ò9Gا >ت إدارةا KR<Tوا b تا V %= داراkl!% 'واز 7Î ا E و =ن 006 ص: 9. :William.J.Rothwell, Roland.L.Sullivan, Practicing organization Development(A cuide for consultants), second edition, Pfeiffer, San Francixo, 00,p:8. :ThomasG.cummings. Christopher G. Worley, Organization development and change, South-western, Canada, 009, p:70. 6 :Hicks, Management, rd edition, Singapore, Mc grow-hill, 98, p:99. 60
4 Ò E ادداr =ا KR<Tوإذا" KRT b >/ا ن! 7 ا KR<T *(ا Œ وا; D =.ا 9 ف:ديإ 8!mh ى Eداءو 9 8 إ&>ا; D = و = ZÌ.اا Dع! Gا KR<T Eiدواروا 8 %كوا>"وا; دئ œ =>*(ا= A و=%>ا KR<Tا; 0 ;اردا<' G!KLªأ i +أ&اعا žèékr<t %] f S Z تواا >وا;راتا %8 `>. :Zq ا" vxا" $+ ا D >=> AJ<% وGP=f hp ءة ا; D = ا ç Òr وا %8 b >]أ Zاف FŽ ت O ا; D \ î ا> AB ا ä< D ا$ K Œ + Z0 أن G=Hأداءا>او Ìh&)*GPا ² Fنا> AJا D >=>ا Œ8 واد EASداءاcl >أ!ا! Ž<b8!= J & در` h ءةوإ Žصا!% Rن. و Bنا KR<T *(ا> ABا G ä< D ]إاءا KR<T *(ا;>د Gا>: Em h اد ز 7Îا %8 (ا= Aا Ôh (واو) O ااء KR<Tªات Z!>) و bث Z.اا KR<T *(ا> ABا ä< D ب: -ا T ءو 0 ات D >=>وا b9 اثو 0 ات D >=>ة. - r Sو 0 ات D >=>إو 0 ات! 8 %. - 7<=Sو 0 ات 8!<=< D %*(و 0 ة D >=>وا 0 ة. -ا KR<T *(ا 8p =>ت. - 7<9 ا V i ت*(# mا ' ت% 0 ات Qدار أو ŒH > و KLÎا KR<T *(ا> ABا G! ä< DأS!"Z fتا KR<Tا ä< D وأ`_ ZK ا& p 'را ا.ي\ ABKRTا; D =ود! Gا; 8 ت Qدار و >ودا ç Òr N" ا"& :Ä"q!G Žل ã9 (ا; D =ت إ ا p9 ال žàrb! و!ا ž ا= Ïى ة %+! 0Ž GP= إن ا KR<T *(ا DP > أ 9 >+ و =%>ت ة و`. s b ج إ و =%>ت و b أو ت.<hD ة وKR<Tªا *( V=>= اا a ( % ت Q اع إذ و 0 د (: p, S!(Robbins fتا KR<Tا DP (! ŽGلا! Aا; D 8 ا اا; D =تأو!,00 é ةوا;اتأو 9E >+أواkl 9 ب. ا; D =ت*(ا KR<Tا DP (ا;%] و = GPأن G=Hا KR<Tاتا DP >وا 0 أوأ`_ G!Kا; 8 تا>: * DŒ8b تر 8Œr >أو»& *( DP >ا; ÊDأوا=%>. *ادل!اتوأfتة D 9 +أ 9 >+ا= Aا clة. * KR<Tªا KLا! Êا DP >ا; M8!و ž&b. 6 *ا M9 ام K$&EP & اا%> 8FEÒ%M!wx م. 7 :!V šhا=ن#' b!kr = ا K$9œا> (وأ»ه*(ا K$9œKR<Tا> (-درا 9 7<%<%bراء> G!D!راءا; D =تا DV >-ر 9!!KR,KR8 'رة ادارة E =ل ااق.00 8 :!V šhا =b!7<=8 ا h حا h ( & b &=ذج ي cx!تا D!G!<x را D >"ا äf %=: 89 ت ور A=F!!%=:=ا EOâول DP > ا;%!توQدارة ا Zة ص:, 9 :Jean Brilman, les meilleurs pratiques du management au cœur d Enterprise, édition d organisation, ème edition, 00, p :7. 0 :Fangleecooke, Maitaining change : the maintenance function and change process, Oxford: Biakwel publishing, 00, p:6. : الله ا ît ا S " ا ا ä< D (ا; h Z >"وا D =ذجوÌ9E ) دارا Dا#"% 'واز 7Î ة 997 ص: 0. : ا, ý!را A<%bا;اء! Rن >%> ABا ä< D واK$9 ا> S >ا D = درا 9!>ا&>> D *(ا عا; Q%S! )*Vداري اد ص: 0, :أ!=0 Z ا; D =ت:! h Z >"و >ت داروا Ar % 'واز 7Î =ن 00 ص: 7. :Graeme Salaman and David Asch, Strategy and capability sustaining organizational change, Blackwell publishing, Berlin Germany, 00, p: :Robbins, Stephen, P, Organizational Behavior, 9 th edition, prentice-hall, Jnc, Newjersey, 00, p: 6 :زاb!Z =دي ا 8 %كا ä< D دارا; KR8 ة% 'واز 7Î =ن Eردن 00 ص: 87. 6
5 ان ورةاS9 ا; D =ت; Ò%Mا KR<Tاتا DP > 9f >=أن ª =]أ#دا žàض*(ا hp ءةا T'p >%> وز دة Q &> زZ *(ا F اkl (! G و R8bنا D >وçª Zةا راتا DP >ا; iة! Gأ`_ Kا; 8 %!تا KR<T %= D =توأ Žلا M9 اما! Gو 9 Arا ا 0 î >وZ.ا %+! Gا; D =ت bا! B <& ž S!)* لا D =>ا DP > 7 i *(ا; S لا DV ŽG!)Óل M %ªوKR<Tªوw< = Dp 7!+9 اا ä ا cl راu!: ~ا S!)ß =ا KR<Tاتأوا Žتا = ž ا; )*= D K$9œا> (وا; KR<TªD=Hات*( K$9œا> 8h&<S Vklل ا; a= D اK$9 ا> <S žàp= S!G! žا KR<Tاتا N< >ا ا و KLÎا K$9œKR<Tا> (و 9 >% KR<Tأ Zافا; G!= D 8 أ Aا Vklل a ا;! Gا SD حوا= R اK$9 ا> S >ت ا; D = = ž <S<اK$9œ ا B %> %=D = اK$9 ا> S >ت Qدارات ا h > a ا; S ل Z.ا و bث ا KR<T *( وK$9œا> S >تا 0 <h<ç >/أنا K$9œKR<Tا> ( Zا F)*KR<Tاراتا; D =ا;%#=%> ø<vmا;اردوأ H KR<Tª 9 ZEافا; 8 ة ; % تا Œ اWl ر>و Aª وىا; D = ورة AªاK$9 ا> <S ž![<b ã8ª ا>أو KR<Tª راتر 9 ž J S9 اK$9 ا> S >ا; KR<TªG=HF= Dات*(!ا% 9E 9 > E.<hD =لو 9Eاقا ž 8ª وأ&اعا; SD تا 9 <> 0 و`> 9Ò <>وا K$9œا> (ام%= D =و! 8 ىا 'طا ä و اJ تا; D =ا; h%m :U. ا" T<Äا" + ما; D =ت#=%>ا KR<Tا o *( Dp 7!+9 ا KR<Tاتا r =و Bن=%>ا KR<Tا o i)* % T و % iإذا J &» وا 0 ة F و! S.رة و KR'Îا KR<Tا o *(إا KR<Tات*(ا>"وا;ا ÒFوا F توا;اتو 9 %كا!% Rن `= w و%]*(`> h > KRPhا!% Rن و KR'Îأ H إ KR<Tª KRPhا!% Rن G ]إدارة! PhوÎ 'و ÌŒ ا=%>اا%>ا žف! ŽG ا; D =ت% 7!Ò<P =%>تا KR<TاWl ر> Ï&" V ن 0 >/\فا KR<Tا o *(!'ر` ا; Rhçن 7Di)* اارات و! G إ iار ارا ž "ا ا; G وا Ò<hV وذ s ADا o ا D >=> ا Rb أي!G Eوا!إ أ 9 %ب œ =د a ا T. ا 8P > وZ.ا!G أ A b >]أ Zاف ا; D = دون 0 ث ª رض!7 أ Zاف E اد <VW ا و "ذ s Žل!G إ ع أ 9 %ب ح 9E % وإ S د ا 8h9 رات و!'ر` =>7 ا; 8 ت Qدار *(ا M ذ اارات و A b E ء إ ص %%" إ ` Rا clد *(! b و b>] أ Zاف xرh! وا KR8 *( ا S Z ت!دة. 7 : JKRH 0"ç =د ا 8 %كا ä< D دار hi ء% 'واز 7Î =ن Eردن 00 ص: :DimitriosBelias, and Athanasioskoustelios, the impact of leadership and change management strategy on organizational and culture, European scientific journal, vol0, No:7, March 0, p:6. 9 :George, Li and Rajagopalan, Process improvement qualit and learning effect, management science journal, vol, No, 996, p:9. 0 : i, l "& ا 8 ر 0 ا KR<Tا ä< D وأ»ه*(%]ا Vاعا ä< D -درا 79 راء> G!Dا;=رR9 ن*(!ا; Q<%J AiدارةوVFœ د D =>اا G اد 07! 0 %S ص: 8. :BarbaraSerrior, JocelyneFlenring, Organization change, third edition, prentice-hall, Pearson education, England, 006, p:0. :Morales, Victor, J &Montes, Francixo, J, Antecedents & consequences of organizational innovation & organizational learning in enterpreneur ship, industrial management & data systems, vol06, n, p:. :GraemeSalaman& David Asch, Strategy and capability sustaining organizational change, Black well publishing, Germany, Berlin, 00, p:. : KRP%! G :اد >=» ا; A=`= DاK$9 ا> ( E[<bداءا;= R!ا% = Gا;:=ا% ä او( 0 ل Eداءا;= R %= D =توا Bkl!ت 9/8!رس 00 ورF % ص: 86. 6
6 ا; ˆا" Ä %$: >وا"!_ن xo/ م>وا" _ KLª!و! E اد% KR<Tأ!ا <=0 Ao! ا KR<Tا.ي Bن 0 =>وD!h!f ) 8 ن >=> Aإا;و!; >8\F G!KR<Tا إرx ك وF %]وف و, ZKR و`=ل Lavarence إن Paul أ 0 أZ "ا;' AJ ا' Pr ا ا رل E =ل *( ødداq)*"r &جأوا Vاتا; 8 =ةو`.ا!و!ا KR<T ى E ادا!% Rنو!= J Z< &.ها;و! žè² K$ " ااوةوœ ا ت ى( 00, Trader-Leigh )أن!و!ا GP=KR<Tأن Bن r أ!م& S حدو! b وfت hd >.ا KR<Tاتا D >=>و ÒF 6 ذ as `> h >إدراكا!% Rنوا; D =;ى KR«Ïا akr<t أ Zا " 7 و ªف!و!ا KR<T :žèï أي! ÒFأو 9 %ك\' KRإما, *(ا KR<Tا; 'دأود= وß (أ H ماون! 7 د 8 ا KR<Tوا M +ا;= clدا KR<T /أ vل>وا" _: 9 = GPأن Bن!و!ا çkr<t Zة و!% Ao!D : =رضا!% Rنوز دةدا T > ت ز دةا;> œb&a b دوأ)' & ت ا= Aأو D >"إ ابوا;'ر` >و = GPأ H أن Bن :Ao!<hM!و<D= Zطاkl %= A ا M9 اما Vتا; 7h 60. وإ راتا> و`. cds +ا;%!تو KRÏو i Xéا"را: أوL : 8 ا"راوا"! Bن! 7=Sارا 7<=G!9 ا!% Rن*(ا; 8 ت Qدار ا%>! Q G رات(ا 8!>واد) *(!`+أر 9 %ر!>ل- D - F/<0! ا o0 >را> Dا'اr >ا; 7=S!G!= Dارا 9 وx %"د Q راتا; xs8 0 ا رو F " ا>ر Q رات K_`E"žèBار وو>#=%>تا KR<Tا r =*(ا;`+و`. s BÏ لا;و!. :Zq أداةا"را ;`+ GŽHا Fف a أB لا;و!. *ا راتا;>ا&>:وذ s Ž Žع a! S fتا KR<Tا V0 % >D é اد * 9œ <>ن: B& &p9œ»ž»!g أ اء رøM <8Œr اcl ء Eول >&ت ا;% ørvwl ا VW > f =د a!>س> PتاWl = و A=Fاcl ء ž ا;`+وذ s ارا 9 وا A= اcl ءا o ao(! S fتا KR<Tا F م ا o / a أB لا;و!و Fا D Êrو Aé b ت Z.اا;>س\ M8 ج لا h ا.ي =`+8pb a (: * لا h : = Ao ل G! AJا h تا Ì=Wl ;>س> Pتوا.ي\ š FŽا> در -=»" 8 >"ا;ى a د أ a وأد) š Rن ل ا h : ا;ى/د درت ا;>س 0 >/أن ا;ى GKL\ ا hق ا h ت VkXل a لا h ا =`q<k a (: لا 0,80=/= h :Foglierini carneiro, Organisation et gestion des entreprises, ème édition, Dunod, Paris, 99, p :9. 6 :Trader-Leigh Karyn E, case study : Identifying résistance in managing change, journal of organizational change management, vol, Nr, 00, p:0. 7 :John R.SchermerhormJr and James G.Hunt and Richard N.Osborn, Organizational Behavior, Wiley 00, 7 th edition, University of phoenix, p:6. 8 :JosephE.Champoux, Organizational Behavior(integrating individuals, groups and organization), Routledge, fourth edition, NewYork, Londen, 0, p:8. 9 : Sandeepkumar, Binayakshankar, Role of enterprise resource planning systems in managing change : a case of public sector organization, volix, No, Research Scholar, december0, p:9. 60 :Don Hellrigel, John W.Slocum, Jr, Organizational Behavior, th edition, Soth-Western cengage learning, 008, united in the states of America, p:0 6
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10 7 6 0,6 0,9 0,0 0, 0,6 0,08 0,67,98,67,68,6,8,89,8,9,6,6,6,6,6,0,,0 8X]-6 ا"> Vا"! وحا" o ] gوا"! اc XY. 8X]-7 ا"!_ن JiS ا xnا" تا!>"!. 8X]-8 ا"!_ن JiSإدا HY ل xuozš. 8X]-9 ا"!_ن JiSإ>نا"!,اثا" _ا C?د. W!]-0 زا"> Vا" U ك $S ا"!_ن.. ct*u]-,ا? 7 ا" o.m"إnhyx! _و]> Áا"!_ن">;ا" - ckn ا mر:! Gاادا o0 f =د! M!G تا &KL V0QÊ! spsso * &KR'ª Êrا clولأن Z.اا; 0KRT ]و 9 إ=( S!)*7,0 ل!ا ]وا& bاف!>ري,9 وZKR'ª.ها S<pDإ. 0AB GKR رأžù " 7<c ªا;`+ a ا= Aا =cl Ó (وK$Fœاب! Gا!% Rنو` 8 ا klا وا 8 =ح" 6 0,86 0,7 0,087 0, 0,8 0,88,0,09,00,8,89 0,99,086,6,,0,,,8, Nول/ : ا"!@تا" + ct ا dq Ä"q /ا"!@تا" + g +وفا"! S- >ا SNتدور]_نا"! لورؤ F -ز]دةروحا"!ونو~,اموا" Ä >_ن SNتا"!. -ز]دة~ Lmتوا"!@ت_ن SNتا"! ا: o. 6 -ا fsءا" o ^"!_ن"?ر ctqا:ذا">ارات.ل JiSx!Xyااءآرا F.[,v ; داءا"! g< ا" U Z~ctSز. 7- ا"!_ناHY ] ct و@تا ءا"!. 8Xy-8 ا"!_ن JiSاعوإدا HY ل "xuozš?&تا" OP ا xxnأq ckn ا mر:! Gاادا o0 f =د! M!G تا &KL V0QÊ! spsso * &KR'ª ZÊr.اا clولأن Z.اا; 0KRT ]و 9 إ=>, و b&²xاف!>ري Fره,086 و KR'ª s% ا S<pDإاZ =ما;`+ ر hقا; ã8\/<0 w9 ا;`+إ! cl FŽG B ت Rنا!% Rن 8ªدZ K$0œاموا oواون Rنا!% Rن ا;' ŽPتا;%!% RنوÏxداءا= GA ]ا>م =تدور! 7 ا=ل; أراءZ "و!$ 0K ž "و 8ª ا 7."! - -ا" ct_ ا" vxا" + $.ل: أوL : ا" vxا" +$ Nول/ : ا" vxا" + ct$ ا dq! 0,9 0, 0,9 0, 0,899 0,6 0,79 ا"!;رات ا اثأ@ Uمأوو FÅTkVÓ. + ct$ ا SU _ا" vxا" 9-y 0 -` ñuا" vxا" + S<$ دا U ]تدار]. -إ,اثأ@ Uم Nة"& N دة ctا" U gu. -إ" ءأ@ Uم" y!ا NUإ" FÅ. - U@~8 مدار]ا" OP U@ctFÃ0?%ctM?šوا,. -إ" ء~زدوا ctnا xم U@~k:ctمدار] U. -إ Sدةز 8N8åا" kvóو "<T *تا"! "!_ن. ا ñ,7,8,9,9,7,6,6 ~ Z اف 0,97 0,976 0,890 0,9,08,,7 ا" de
11 و 6 0,070,07,60 6 -إ Sدةز 8N8åا xمو x"<tراتوا">راتا" x&opا"!_ن.,06,66 ckn ا mر:! Gاادا o0 f =د! M!G تا &KL V0QÊ! spsso KR<T ل% sا S<pDأنا;`+م *& ŽG!0Žلا clولأن Z.اا; 0KRT ]و 9 إ=(,66 وx b& اف!>ري,06 b9 اثو 0 اتة = b ]ا;و& ا> ABا ä< D % 7!Ò<Pا; KRTاتاWl ر>واا%>ا :»%> و.ام *(ا D >"ا r "و! rž =! 7 ا KR<Tاتا cl. :Zq ا" fuوا U و" Nول/ : ا" fuوا U و" ct ا dq 6 0,8 0, 0,9 0,67 0,0 0,80 0,9 0,9 0,8,00,8,076 0,98,6,7,9,8,66 ا"!;رة 7 -->ما U _ات Xîctا U و" توا" m, ت 8Xy-8 ا Uاؤو_ن JiS ا U و" 9 -إ Sدةز 8åا U و" ت;!" _اتا"; ا"ا. وا Yر N. 0 -ىا"!_نأن ا U و" T ^" f ]أ x"sوأ xuoz!]- ا" vxا" + JiS$ ز]دة o ]ا" m, ت" oó _ن ctا U ]ت.ى,8 - Nو^ kو $oóدا"اn ;توا U و" ت" vو oó,77 ckn ا mر:! Gاادا o0 f =د! M!G تا &KL V0QÊ! spsso * &KR'ª Êrا clولأن Z.اا; 0KRT ]و 9 إ=(!اره,77 وx b& اف!>ري 0,98. 0,9 0,77 0,068, 0,987,07,78,6,0 ا"!;رة x- "ا% Uب~ Lmت_ن@ Uموداراتا: o. -ازدد~ Lmت ä _ا" _نا U ]تا" + ا: o. S~- د JiSا:اما" Vا ctähy ~ mل. Nول/ :. f ط~ mل ctا dq 0,688 0,99,70 6 -ا!تا >" S '~ mل km "@. 0,09,00,0 7- عو V ~ mلدا.ا U.,09,6 ckn ا mر:! Gاادا o0 f =د! M!G تا &KL V0QÊ! spsso * &KR'ª Êrا clولأن Z.ا ا; 0KRT ]و 9 إ=(!اره,6 وx b& اف!>ري,09 وZKR'ª.ها S<pDإاZ =ما;`+ دا V fت Rنا!% Rن*(! Ò%Mا; 8 ت Qدار وذ s ; أراءZ "و!'ر` ž "*(=%>ا KR<T. 0,8 0,96 0,8 0,67 0,60 0,9,09,8,0,0,09,6,08,,,90,9 Sا">ار ^ :Ä"q Nول/: ^ Sا">ار ctا dq ا"!;رة 8 -دراا">ارات@;^ور*. 9 -إاكا"!_ن ct ^ 8 ا">ارات. 0 --> ا";ا Vا: oوا,@;ا:ذا">ارات. 8 ا">ارات.!y- دارة JiS > ا ct[wq ^ - T ا!ت" 8%mا">ار ctا"@ zا d. ckn~ ا mر:! Gاادا o0 f =د! M!G تا &KL V0QÊ! spsso 68
12 * &KR'ª Êr.اا clولأن Di اار*(ا;`+ 0 و 9 إ=( Fر,9 وا& bاف!>ري 0,09 >/ءتا رة ر 8"F " "درا 9 اارات iafورz " *(ا; E و =! Aا Žف 0,8 *(ءتا رةر 9"F " "إ اكا!% Rن *(ا M ذاارات" *(ا; KRE ة =! Aا Žف 0,96 وZ.ال a أناارات"ا M دZ a! 8 ى Qدارةا%>و" دراž 9 iafورz. - -ا" ct_ ا xموا" kvó Nول/ 6 : ا" ct_ ا xموا" ctkvóا dq 0,8 0,77 0,6 0,68 0,076,76, 0,98,78,0,08,6,,88,0,0,6 ا"!;رات ->ما U Z_ ع%? fوا xما U ة"!_ن..OrT FÃ- فا ÄšLUرأر ctx,l FŽ!Sو U _ن@! xا" > N!._ ا" &U ا" - Ñ.Šا SJiSU > x u_t!ا Yت Ä :.Zو!y!y-6 ا JiSUا"; ثا"> f~jisv عوا"> ŠQOr س" mا Y أوا" U! 7 - صا Äš~JiSUر 9T ارد*اد ا"`?] ا! وا". ckn~ * &KR'ª ZÊr.اا clولأن Z.اا; 0KRT ]و 9 إ=>,6 وx b& اف!>ري J/<0,0 نا$ K E+Œول% رةر "F =! Aا Žف Fره 0,6 و*(ا; KRE ةءتا رة " Ï.ا;: a89 m#krا Wl!ت! Aoا GP8 ا AD " ر "F "ما;: 89 op9 =رارx 0 )* ž =9"< و R8bن! F ا D " - -ا" ct_ ا"& "N Nول/ 7 : ا" ct_ ا"& " ctnا dq ,97 0,80 0,89 0,9 0,088 0,97 0,608 0,7 0,9,067,0 0,9 0,97 0,8,8 0,98,7,7,00,6,70,6,7,90,8,76,66,78,69 ا"!;رات 8 ->ما Uد.ل!اتوأLت Nة dأ" d ا"! ا XYة. "N. 9 ->ما U _أ" d >.!"Fà ء:اما"&!y-60 ا yjisu _ا"'ا ا"& " Nا U :و Fœ. 6 ->ما U %?ء@ 8 إ"&و%$ zzz&;jis "!] U k. 6 ->ما U %?ء@ 8 إ"&و%$ zzz&;jis "!] U k. 6 -ا:ام;&~ zzzا"ا. U@k:ñlم FGف;دلا"; Z ت وا!ت. أوا Y. " Nا 6 ->ما euu تر UeVأو Zq ct[ & 6 - T _أWxNةإS مأfcK رة" JiSSUšإ Zزا xمو Sلدا.ا U. 8Xy-66 ا JiSUا:ام 0 قوأ vtر Nة"!. ckn~ ا mر:! Gاادا o0 f =د! M!G تا &KL V0QÊ! spsso * &KR'ª ZÊr.اا clولأن Z.اا; 0KRT ]و 9 إ=>,69 وx b& اف!>ري J/<0,00 نا$ K E+Œول% رةر 6"F "ا M9 ام K$&œP & اا%> 8FœÒ%M!wx م žف دلا >&توا;%!ت" =! Aا Žف Fره 0,088 و*(ا; KREةءتا رةر 6"F "ما;: 89 DŒ8b تر 8Œr >أو»& *( DP >ا; ÊDأوا Wl!" =! Aا Žف 0,97. 69
13 0,78 0,8 0,9 0, 0,8 0,9,08,6,99,6,8,8,68,70,90 - -ا" ct_ ا*افواا ا U Nول/ 8 : ا" ct_ *افو~ا ا"!;رات >ما U!أ*ا xtواا g<"fž ا" xف "Or 68- صا JiSU > ا fy ~ا v?u دوري. 69 ->ما mhp"còu"u ل JiSأاق.ل ت Nة 70 - o &ا ZLUج 8 + أ.ىأ ZQ,. JòUy-7 ا L!g<"Uت Z Qct"Sا;!ت.,7,78 ckn~ ا mر:! Gاادا o0 f =د! M!G تا &KL V0QÊ! spsso * &KR'ª ZÊr.اا clولأن Z.اا; 0KRT ]و 9 إ=>,78 وx b& اف!>ري J/<0,7 نا$ K E+Œول% رةر 67"F "ما;: 89 Aأ Zا واK$9 ا> <S ž b >]اف 9E %= D =" =! Aا Žف Fره و*(ا; KRE ة 0,78 =! Aا Žف 0,9. ءتا رةر 69"F "ما;: 89 ã8 ( VkXل a أ 9 اقة! ŽGل! SD تة" - -ا" ct_ ا" T<Äا" + Nول/ 9 : ا" ct_ ا" T<Äا" + 0,87,0 ا"!;رات 7 - ص ادارةا JiSUا 0 ع 8Nا"!_ن JiSFÅTا"! تا" OP S& ا U 0,67,9,70 _اتا" VUة FÅT. 7 - qš ا"> دار]ا" VUة ctا U " 0, 0,976,8 T<q!y-7 ا U ا T<q8gTا 8. 0,7,06,7 JòUy-7 ا Uدو";رة ž_t<qة.^ FG. 0,97,8,8 ÑN_ ري ctر" FŽ. z@-76 ا U,08,7 ckn~ ا mر:! Gاادا o0 f =د! M!G تا &KL V0QÊ! spsso * &KR'ª ZÊr.اا clولأن Z.اا; 0KRT ]و 9 إ=>,7 وx b& اف!>ري J/<0,08 نا$ K E+Œول% رةر 7"F =! Aا Žف Fره 0,87 و*( " bصإدارةا;: a89 إ Žع=> 7 ا!% Rن ž a ا%>=تا A="Pbا;: 89 " ا; KRE ةءتا رةر 7"F " Ï»ا>" Qدار ا 8 rة*(ا;: 89 KR<Tاتا 8 rة ž " =! Aا Žف 0,67 /ا.;ر HIا" o وJK Tضاف a Fرةا;`+%>م ² اءا KR<Tا ä< D "ا M9 اجا w9 ا 8kl Oâا; A و b&œافا;>ري ABأ#ده وJ & ا D JÊr (: _ا" +$ $و~ Z افا! ري u!دا" ا" ñا UHY Nول/ 0 : ا cknñ أu!دا" _ا" +$,8 -ا KR<T *(!راتوJ%9 تا!% Rن.,6 -ا KR<T *(ا> ABا ä< D.,6 -ا KR<T *(ا;موا ç Òr.,69 -ا KR<T *(ا DP >.,78 -ا ZE)*KR<TافوK$9œا> S >.,7 -ا KR<T *(ا o ا D >=>. 6,6 ckn~ ا mر:! Gاادا o0 f =د! M!G تا &KL V0QÊ! spsso ~ Z اف~ ckn,98,08,08,00,7,08,08 70
14 وx Dp9f دإإ تأ اد> D اراRp9 ن أنا;`+م KR<Tات*( J ا; S fت G=HOBا ءو w9 KRT! Œة fs!ab KR<Tا ä< D و!ةوDx ءا a Z.ها;: m ا h > Eووا aød " fم!`+أر 9 %ر!>ل ;اا KR<Tاتا N< >". /ا.;ر HIا" o ا" ZÄ : Tضاف a!ى!ا!`+ار 9 %ر!>ل%=و!! A Gا!% Rن"ا M9 اج ا; w9 ا 8kl Oâو b&œافا;>ريوj & ا D JÊr (: Nول/ : ا>وا"+*ة +ŒK$ا ا;و!ا Zة ا"!;رة m-77 ر,ا"!_ن" Tا" _. 78 -ز]دةا"!اء Z _. 79 -ز]دةا" m ا Sتدا.ا U رضا"!_نوز]دة Sدا" توا" Š._ات. 8 -ز]دةا Z ~ دوأ%? Zf >تا"!. 8 -كا"! أوز]دة Oû"0 ا" >ا" oó $. ا; w9,06,0,8,,66,o b&œاف,6,,090,6,0, م.ا Žف 0,9 0,6 0,0 0,9 0,79 0,7 0,7 0,9 0,0,68,9,8,68,08, إ ابوا?رMTQ. 8 -:] Z+Zdج. 8 -ز]دة Sدا"? vويوا" Ñ. 8 0,0,89,8 S-86 م~" žام>ا SوإN اءاتا"!.,8, ckn~ +ŒK$ا 6 7 ا mر:! Gاادا o0 f =د! M!G تا &KL V0QÊ! spsso Nول/ : ا>وا" 9 ا;و!ا D=H > ا"!;رة 87 -*;طا!"WTHY. ل Zv7 تا T ة. S-88 ما 89 -ا اق Tاتأ 0 ل ct SÑoل. 90 -ز]دة Sد. fءا&;. 9 -ا:اما" m تا 8oوإراتا".._ ";U"ا V 9 -%? Sت Sا" dxî-9 ا!تو Š._و^" x. ckn~ ا mر:! Gاادا o0 f =د! M!G تا &KL V0QÊ! spsso ا; w9 b&œاف,6,9,68,7,0,0,0, م.ا Žف 0,0 0, 0, 0, 0,89 0, 0,6,06,0,9,8,66,,6,79 $و~ Z افا! ري~ ckn ) ->وا"!_ن(ا ñا UHY Nول/ : ~ Z اف ا ñ >وا"!_ن,8, ا;و!ا Zة,,79 ا;و!ا D=H >,0,06!و!ا!% Rن * &KR'ª Êrا clولأن! KRT!و!ا!% Rن w9![0 ا=( Fره,06 وا& bاف!>ري Fره /<0,0 OªÏ *(ا; Eوا;و!ا Zة = 80w9 Oâا=( Fرب, وx b& اف!>ري Fره < "«,8 ; ا o &>ا;و!ا D=H > 7
15 و = Fw9 ره,79 x b& اف!>ري Fره, و! ŽGلا D Êrا>) Êp8 أن!`+ار 9 %ر!>لا!و!! A<FG ا!% Rنوا.ي:` kóا h >ا o &>" اا KR<T *(!`+ار 9 %ر!>ل!و!! AFGا!% Rنوما ل" /ا.;ر HIا" o ا" Ä"Ä : \ M8 م œa<%bر ط*(در œر طاWl O (!ىود FŽ Rن! GKRTوا S ه Z.ها FŽو$ Kاوح!! A >) Rن! 0 GKRT >/" œر ط Rن(+ -) ( )و œ رةا; îª ا FŽ د أ! œ رةا 8 î أنا 8PFŽ > Rن!و!ا!% Rنو! S fتا KR<Tا ä< D.و AF ا M9 ام!! KR9A!نSprearman وذ s % Fف a &عو Fةا FŽ ACP F >سا FFŽ! ا o0 Ò%M!7<=Sا D د; S fتا KR<Tو`. s Ò%M!7<=SاB لا;و!وذ sو وا ا çتود! Mوا 0 ة" ž <=8ª D=F"«Z# >س S!FŽ fتا KR<Tا ä< D واB لا;و! - -ا"!@_نا>وا"+*ةو Lتا" _ا" +$ Nول/ : ا"!@_نا>وا"+*ةو Lتا" _ ا _ات d ž_o دة vx fu mل xم "N U ىا! ] 0,0 0, 0,9 0,0 0, 0,6 0,69 0,89 0,80 0,80 0,69-0, -0,6-0,06-0, -0,0-0,06 0,07-0,00 0,06-0,06 0,070 0,00 0,098 T<Ä œر طدالاV0 <r 8!D ىدf 0,0 *& ŽG!0Žلا clولأن DZ ك FŽار ط د >h Rن G!AJا;و!ا Zةو( œ V ل ا;م K$9œا> S > ا o ا D >=>) و Rpن`. sأن DZ ك FŽار ط 8P > Rنا;و!ا ZةوG!AJ (ا DP > ا M داار >Ò ا%8 ا> ABا ä< D ا FŽ تا D >=> ا>دة ار + ا Rhb ) - -ا"!@_نا>وا" 9 و Lتا" _ا" +$ Nول/ : ا"!@_نا>وا" 9 و Lتا" _ ا _ات وا"ر] d 9 وا" ž_o 9 9 وا"> دة 9 وا"!@ت وا" vx 9 وا" fu 9 9 و~ mل 9 وا:ذا">ار 9 وا xم!~ر;ط 0,0 U ىا! ] 0,90 0,66 0,66 0,78 0,60 0, 0, 0,880 0,896-0,07-0,07-0,00 0,076 0,79 0,8 0,0 0,09 7
16 0,60 0,96 0,8 0,07-0,00-0,09 "N وا"& 9 9 و*اف وا" T<Ä 9 œر طدالاV0 <r 8!D ىدf 0,0 *&0Ž! ŽGلا clولأن DZ ك FŽار ط د >h Rن G!AJ ا;و! ا D=H > و(ار + ا> AB ا ä< D ا%8 œ V ل ا M ذاار ا;موا ç K$9œ Òrا> S >) و Rpن`. sأن DZ ك FŽار ط 8P > Rنا;و! >Ò ا D=H >وG!AJ (ا Rhb ا>دة ا FŽ ت ا DP > ا>دة). *اÌcl : KR'ªا D Êrإ 9 > ةا VDا. Jري*(ا= A!=\ ž "ا KL`Eih Žرءإا ç Òrا%>*( R0 نأن Q &ث => Aإ Zœ =م r %وh E لأ`_ ZœG!K =م! 8 رZ "ا Oh<ç. *ا=: ا;: a=ª89 ا!% Rن D9KL`E R="žèéون Ó (وا; ا%=> ر G!"ZذوياKLWlةوا hp ءة ول ا S<pDأ H أن DZ ك D w9!)* أ=ر! 7=Sارا 9 وZ.اا Dع Mمأ Zافاراé9 & G=Hاف a ا S Z ت ا!% Rن& bا;ا > 7 ا;% = S لا= é Aن KLات E ادا;$ Kا`= KL S رx 8ª "إ )*KR`0 G Bا S Z ت %9 >أو إ S >&b! ع! Rن *اkl =œ Z:<.ا! 8hأن! "ا!% Rن*(ا; D i +ا>د*(ا;: 89 ت!$و RنوZ.ا!ل a 9œ ارا;; S ب a أداr ا Oh<ç و ÌPDذ s Ïن Bنا رات! Gذويا;: ŽZتا%=>ا; =!h 8\ Z " *ا; 8 ىا%> :!: äإ S Oâل a!ىاz =ما;`+ *(ز دة >! % تا KR<TوZ.ا!\ ÌPأ&= h9œgp دة! Gا; ا%=> é ادا> 8!Ò%M!G!D ž " ا%>=>! GأراءZ "ا!و 0"ž KL >ل! عارا 9. /<0ž ã8ª ا;: 89 h9ž دة! D9GاتاKLWlة Aç)*i =%>ا 7<9 وإدةا> B %وا KR<Tا م :<!Fœ* 8ª Z *(ا>م. s KLWlة%+دورا Z!*(ا /b 8!)*i ةا=ل% KR<Tاتا D >=>ا \' Z ا;`+. h >ا;`+ *! ŽGل& Êrارا 9 ا L<< ن Ïن!`+أر 9 %ر!>لم m ا KR<Tات*(! S fتة% žàض وا 7!Ò<Pا KR<Tاتا N< >اWl ر>واا%>و!اا; D 8 اkl دة. ا ž.m Z")8<>% * ود!و!! AFGا; Rhçن=%>تا KR<Tو GKRªZم DF ž "وKRªا Gمر Fاراتا KR<Tو f \'ر Jن*(و A hض% ž "و %+! w "žàا hd >.. ا* و k ارا 9 ا >>أن DZ ك FŽ دوأى 8P > Rنا;و!ا ZةوS!mâ fتا KR<Tا ä< D و`. s ود FŽ Rنا;و!ا D=H >وS!mâ fتا KR<T. :. ا KR<Tاتاا 9 وا Î8 Œ% اWl ر>واا%>وذ s دة ورة a<=0 ا; = D h ا qiا KR<Tا ä< D ` h ءةأدا> ž و >و b >]أ Zا و = GPأن أا akr<t أي&+! Gا&+ا; D =أو=>!ةوا 0 ةوذ 80s + > إرادةو 0 ا; D =وا! B <& ž و KLª!و! E اد% KR<Tأ!ا <=0 o! %=أنا KR<Tأ!ا 0 =>وD!f ص! D ) 8 ن %+ = D >.ا => Aإ!و!ا KR<Tاا ;GZ >8\F ا G!KR<Tإرx كوازجوF %]و F Bنا;و! ç Zة!% Dأو E!ادارةوا>! 7!Aا KR<T >رZ أ AHا قوK$9œا> S >ت%%> 0G!Aةا;و!و Aا!% Rن 8=bن % KR<TوÎ 'ر Jن > 7
17 اا 8N ا"& dا"! l : -أ!=0 00 Z ا; D =ت:! h Z >"و >ت داروا Ar % 'واز 7Î. - JKRH 0"ç =د 00 ا 8 %كا ä< D دار hi ء% 'واز 7Î. -زاb!Z =دي 00 ا 8 %كا ä< D دارا; KR8 ة% 'واز 7Î. - الله ا ît ا 997 "S ا ا ä< D (ا; h Z >"وا D =ذجوÌ9E ) دارا Dا#"% 'واز 7Î. ات: -ا, ý! را 00 A<%b ا;اء! Rن > AB<% ا ä< D واK$9 ا> S > ا D = درا 9!>ا&> >D *(ا ع ا; Q%S! )*Vداري اد i, l "& ا 8 ر 0 0 ا KR<Tا ä< D وأ»ه*(%]ا Vاعا ä< D -درا 79 راء> G!Dا;=رR9 ن*(! ا; Q<%J AiدارةوVFœ د D =>اا G اد %S! 07. -!b= Ò9Gا >ت 006 إدارةا KR<Tوا b تا V %= داراkl!% 'واز 7Î. ا ات: - KRP%! G :اد >= 00» ا; A=`= DاK$9 ا> ( E[<bداءا;= R!ا% = Gا;:=ا% ä او( 0 ل Eداءا;= R %= D =توا Bkl!ت. -!V šhا =b!7<=8 ا h حا T ( & b &=ذج ي cx!تا D!G!<x را D >"ا äf %=: 89 ت ور A=F!!%=:=ا œoâول DP >ا;%!توœدارة. ا" V : -!V šhا=ن#' b!kr = ا K$9œا> (وأ»ه*(ا K$9œKR<Tا> (-درا 9 f<%<%bراء> G!D!راءا; D =تا DV > ر 9! KR8 ادارة œ =ل ااق 00. Books : -Barbara Serrior,JocelyneFlenring,006, Organization change, third edition, prentice-hall, Pearson education. -Daft,R,L, 00,Organization theory and design, OHIO:South Western colleye pub. -Don Hellrigel, John W.Slocum, Jr,008, Organizational Behavior, th edition, Soth-Western cengage learning. -Fangleecooke, 00, Maitaining change : the maintenance function and change process, Oxford: Biakwel publishing. -Foglierinicarneiro, 99, Organisation et gestion des entreprises, Dunod. -Glenn Morgan and Andrew Sturday, 000, Beyond organizational change : structure, Macmillan press LTD. -Graeme Salaman& David Asch, 00, Strategy and capability sustaining organizational change, Black well publishing, Germany. -Graeme Salaman and David Asch,00, Strategy and capability sustaining organizational change, Blackwell publishing. -Hicks,, 98,Management, rd edition, Singapore, Mc grow-hill. -Jean Brilman, 00, les meilleurs pratiques du management au cœur d Enterprise, édition d organisation. -John R.SchermerhormJr and James G.Hunt and Richard N.Osborn,00, Organizational Behavior. -Jones, G, 999, Organizational théory, addison-wesley. -Joseph E.Champoux,0, Organizational Behavior(integrating individuals, groups and organization), Routledge. -Robbins, Stephen, P,00, Organizational Behavior, prentice-hall. 7
18 -Thomas G.cummings. Christopher G. Worley,009, Organization development and change, South-western. -William.J.Rothwell,Roland.L.Sullivan,00,Practicing organization Development, Pfeiffer. journals -DimitriosBelias, andathanasioskoustelios, 0. the impact of leadership and change management strategy on organizational and culture, European scientific journal, vol0, No:7. -George, Li and Rajagopalan, Process improvement qualit and learning effect, management science journal, vol, No. -Morales, Victor, J&Montes, Francixo, J, Antecedents & consequences of organizational innovation & organizational learning in enterpreneur ship, industrial management & data systems, vol06, n. -Sandeepkumar, Binayakshankar,0, Role of enterprise resource planning systems in managing change : a case of public sector organization, volix, No, Research Scholar. -Trader-Leigh Karyn E,, 00, case study : Identifying résistance in managing change, journal of organizational change management, vol, Nr. -Warren G, Bennis, 99, Theory and method in applying behavioral science to planned organizational change, journal of applied behavioral science. 7
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